Carbonization Furnace for Herb Residues
- 2023-08-11 16:44:00
- Leemay Original
- 234
1. Herb residues
(1) Resource of Herb residues
Chinese medicine residues are mainly derived from the production of Chinese patent medicines and active pharmaceutical ingredients, the processing of Chinese medicinal materials, the production of light chemical products containing Chinese herbal medicines, and the decoction of Chinese herbal medicines from TCM hospitals, pharmacies, and families. The production of Chinese patent medicines generates the largest amount of Chinese medicine residues, accounting for about 70% of the total amount of Chinese medicine residues.(2) Discharge amount of herb residues
Statistics show that the annual discharge of Chinese medicine residues has reached 60–70 million tons in China. Currently, extensive treatments of waste resources, such as Chinese medicine residues, include incineration, stacking, and landfilling, all of which cause heavy pollution and resource wastage. Therefore, the effective use of Chinese medicine residues to reduce their harm to the environment and turn waste (i.e. Chinese medicine residue) into treasure has become an interesting research hotspot.
(3) Chemical composition of Chinese medicine residues
Chinese herbal medicine is mainly composed of plants, animals and some minerals, with plants accounting for more than 87%. The main components of the residues of Chinese herbal medicines from plants are cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, fat, protein and polysaccharide. It is found in one research that the content of cellulose in Radix Glycyrrhizae residues was 30.78%. Moreover, 12 different Chinese herbal medicine residues have been found to be rich in.
2. Application and Advantages of Herb Residue Charcoal
(1) Environmentally friendly and efficient features
To reduce the pollution of soil and water by herbal biomass wastes.
(2) High Comprehensive utilization of resources
Biomass herb remains converted into biocharcoal can be further processed and utilized to make activated carbon and other products, increasing the comprehensive utilization efficiency of resources
3. Working Principle of Charcoal Carbonizing Furnace
A continuous Carbonization Furnace is a kind of equipment used to convert organic biomass herb remains materials into charcoal, and the key point is to realize the carbonization process by controlling the temperature and gas flow.
I. Pre-treatment stage
Before the continuous carbonization furnace starts, the raw materials need to be pretreated. It includes crushing, drying, and sieving. These steps can make the raw materials easier to be processed in the carbonization furnace.
II. Material feeding
During the working period of the continuous carbonization furnace, the raw material enters the carbonization furnace through the feeding device. The feeding device usually consists of a conveyor belt, screw conveyor, or pusher. After entering the furnace, the raw materials will be evenly distributed in the working area of the furnace.
III. Pyrolysis stage
Pyrolysis is the core process of a continuous carbonization furnace. In the pyrolysis stage, the raw material will be heated by a high temperature, so that a pyrolysis reaction occurs. In the process of pyrolysis, the organic material in the raw material will be decomposed into gas, liquid, and solid products, which is carbon.
Pyrolysis temperature is an important factor affecting the carbonization effect. High temperature can promote the pyrolysis reaction, but too high temperature may cause the quality of char to decline. Therefore, in a continuous carbonization furnace, it is necessary to precisely control the pyrolysis temperature by controlling the heating system.
IV. Gas Separation
During the pyrolysis process, the gases produced need to be effectively separated and treated. Common gas separation methods include condensation and gasification.
V. BioChar Treatment
The solid product produced in the carbonization furnace is charcoal, which needs to be further processed to get the final product. Common treatment methods include crushing, screening, and separation. These steps can make the particle size of charcoal uniform and remove the impurities in it.
VI. Exhaust Gas Treatment
During the working process of a continuous carbonization furnace, the waste gas produced needs to be treated to reduce the pollution to the environment. Common exhaust gas treatment methods include purification, dust removal and desulfurization. These methods can remove the harmful substances in the exhaust gas and make it meet the safe emission standards.
VII. Carbonization Furnace Control System
The working process of a continuous carbonization furnace needs to be automated by a control system. The control system usually consists of temperature control, pressure control and flow control. Through precise control of each parameter, stable and efficient operation of the carbonization process can be realized.
VIII.Energy Recycle
During the working process of continuous carbonization furnace, the heat energy produced can be for recycled use. Common energy recycling methods include waste heat utilization and gas power generation. Through the rational use of energy, it not only can improve the efficiency of energy utilization, but also reduce production costs.
4. Summary
The continuous charring furnace realizes an efficient charring process by controlling the temperature and gas flow. The steps of pretreatment, material feeding, pyrolysis, gas separation, carbonization, exhaust gas treatment, charcoal furnace control system and energy recovery cooperate with each other so that the continuous charcoal furnace can work stably and efficiently.
The working principle of a continuous carbonization furnace provides important technical support for the carbonization process and a reliable guarantee for the application of medicine dregs carbonization furnace.
With the continuous progress of science and technology, the working principle of the continuous carbonization furnace produced by us is also being optimized and innovated to make a contribution to the development and application of the drug residue carbonization process.
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